Table 1.
Characteristics of study participants
| Characteristic | Maternal IPTp arm | |
|---|---|---|
| Monthly SP (N = 327) | Monthly DP (N = 329) | |
| Maternal characteristics at enrolment | ||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 24.0 (5.9) | 24.0 (5.7) |
| Gravidity, n (%) | ||
| Primigravida/secundigravida | 152 (46.5%) | 156 (47.4%) |
| Multigravida | 175 (53.5%) | 173 (52.6) |
| House-hold type, n (%) | ||
| Modern House | 77 (23.6%) | 71 (21.6%) |
| Traditional House | 250 (76.5%) | 258 (78.4%) |
| Parasite prevalence by microscopy or qPCR, n (%) | ||
| No parasites | 53 (16.2%) | 63 (19.2%) |
| Sub-microscopic parasitaemia | 111 (33.9%) | 88 (26.8%) |
| Microscopic parasitaemia | 163 (49.9%) | 178 (54.1%) |
| Maternal characteristics during pregnancy | ||
| Parasite prevalence by microscopy, n/N (%)a | 797/2212 (36.0%) | 355/2260 (15.7%) |
| Incidence of malaria (episodes/ppy) | 0.59 | 0.09 |
| Placental malaria status | ||
| Placental malaria status, n (%) | ||
| No PM | 119 (36.4%) | 232 (70.5%) |
| Active PM | 71 (21.7%) | 7 (2.1%) |
| Past PM (Mild-moderate pigment) | 97 (29.7%) | 84 (25.5%) |
| Past PM (Severe pigment) | 40 (12.2%) | 6 (1.8%) |
| Characteristics of infants at birth | ||
| Preterm birth, n (%) | 25 (7.7%) | 17 (5.2%) |
| Gestation age in weeks, mean (SD) | 39.4 (1.9) | 39.6 (1.6) |
| Low birth weight, n (%) | 33 (10.1%) | 25 (7.6%) |
| Birth weight in grams, mean (SD) | 3055 (505) | 3024 (409) |
| Female sex, n (%) | 161 (49.2%) | 175 (53.2%) |
SP Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine, DP dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine, SD standard deviation, ppy per person year, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction
aDefined as number of routine positive blood smears divided by total number of routine blood smears
No PM no parasites or pigment detected, active PM parasites detected with or without pigment, Past PM (Mild-moderate) > 0–20% of high-power fields with pigment but no parasites, Past PM (severe) > 20%–60% of high-power fields with pigment but no parasites