Table 3.
Discriminative validity for the assessment of absolute (cm) and relative (% arm length) Upper Quarter Y Balance Test performance between trained (i.e., swimmers) and age−/sex-matched untrained (i.e., controls) youth
| Participants (N = 74) | Statistics | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Swimmers (n = 37) | Controls (n = 37) | p-value (d) | AUC-value | |
| Right arm reach | ||||
| MD (cm) | 84.8 ± 8.8 | 76.3 ± 10.6 | <.001 (0.87) | .75 |
| IL (cm) | 83.1 ± 10.7 | 69.7 ± 9.8 | <.001 (1.30) | .83 |
| SL (cm) | 67.9 ± 8.3 | 53.6 ± 7.8 | <.001 (1.78) | .90 |
| Left arm reach | ||||
| MD (cm) | 83.6 ± 8.9 | 75.1 ± 10.0 | <.001 (0.91) | .75 |
| IL (cm) | 82.8 ± 9.7 | 70.7 ± 10.5 | <.001 (1.19) | .79 |
| SL (cm) | 64.3 ± 7.3 | 52.6 ± 8.6 | <.001 (1.46) | .84 |
| Right arm reach | ||||
| MD (% AL) | 104.0 ± 8.4 | 94.5 ± 11.9 | <.001 (0.92) | .73 |
| IL (% AL) | 102.2 ± 13.5 | 87.2 ± 16.6 | <.001 (0.99) | .76 |
| SL (% AL) | 83.3 ± 9.3 | 67.0 ± 12.6 | <.001 (1.48) | .85 |
| CS (% AL) | 96.0 ± 8.1 | 82.9 ± 12.1 | <.001 (1.28) | .80 |
| Left arm reach | ||||
| MD (% AL) | 102.3 ± 6.8 | 92.7 ± 10.4 | <.001 (1.09) | .78 |
| IL (% AL) | 101.8 ± 12.9 | 88.3 ± 17.5 | <.001 (0.88) | .71 |
| SL (% AL) | 79.0 ± 9.4 | 65.8 ± 13.8 | <.001 (1.11) | .77 |
| CS (% AL) | 94.8 ± 9.0 | 82.3 ± 12.3 | <.001 (1.17) | .79 |
Data are mean ± standard deviation. Absolute values (cm) are shown first followed by relative values (% AL). Cohen’s d [18] can be classified as being small (0 ≤ d ≤ 0.49), medium (0.50 ≤ d ≤ 0.79), or large (d ≥ 0.80). In accordance with Deyo and Conter [23], the AUC-value can lie between 0.5 (“no” discriminative validity) and 1.0 (“perfect” discriminative validity)
AL arm length, AUC area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, CS composite score, IL inferolateral, MD medial, SL superolateral