Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of 2161 Hospitalized Adult Patients With Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections Comparing Patients Transitioned to Oral Antibiotic Therapy Versus Those Who Remained on Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy
| Characteristics | Oral Therapy (n = 876; 40.5%) | Intravenous Therapy (n = 1285; 59.5%) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median, IQR), years | 59 (47–69) | 59 (48–68) | .928 |
| Female, n (%) | 437 (49.9) | 579 (45.1) | .027 |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White | 423 (48.3) | 663 (51.6) | .131 |
| Black | 369 (42.1) | 493 (38.4) | .80 |
| Asian | 30 (3.4) | 55 (4.3) | .315 |
| Latino | 25 (2.9) | 34 (2.6) | .771 |
| Weight (median, IQR), kg | 74.9 (63.5–88.3) | 73.5 (62.3–88.4) | .597 |
| Pre-existing medical conditions, n (%) | |||
| End-stage liver disease | 51 (5.8) | 87 (6.8) | .376 |
| End-stage renal disease requiring dialysis | 41 (4.7) | 100 (7.8) | .004 |
| Structural lung diseasea | 43 (4.9) | 98 (7.6) | .012 |
| Congestive heart failure (ejection fraction <45%) | 78 (8.9) | 121 (9.4) | .686 |
| Diabetes | 228 (26.0) | 307 (23.9) | .259 |
| Immunocompromised, n (%) | |||
| Human immunodeficiency virus | 39 (4.5) | 48 (3.7) | .405 |
| Chemotherapy within 6 months | 246 (28.1) | 355 (27.6) | .816 |
| Absolute neutrophil count <500 cells/mL | 59 (6.7) | 181 (14.1) | <.001 |
| Immunomodulatory therapy or high-dose steroids within 30 days | 33 (3.8) | 43 (3.3) | .602 |
| Solid organ transplant | 103 (11.8) | 114 (8.9) | .028 |
| Hematopoietic stem cell transplant within 12 months | 30 (3.4) | 97 (7.5) | <.001 |
| Total days of antibiotic therapy (median, IQR) | 15 (12–16) | 14 (11–15) | <.001 |
| Total days of intravenous therapy (median, IQR) | 3 (2–4) | 14 (11–15) | <.001 |
| Combination antibiotic therapy for >48 hours, n (%) | 54 (6.2) | 154 (12.0) | <.001 |
| Source of infection, n (%) | |||
| Respiratory | 29 (3.3) | 117 (9.1) | <.001 |
| Skin and soft tissue | 22 (2.5) | 50 (3.9) | .079 |
| Urinary tract | 405 (46.2) | 383 (29.8) | <.001 |
| Biliary | 121 (13.8) | 148 (11.5) | .113 |
| Intra-abdominal | 160 (18.3) | 290 (22.6) | .016 |
| Catheter-associated | 137 (15.6) | 282 (21.9) | <.001 |
| Pitt bacteremia score on day 1 (median, IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (1–4) | <.001 |
| Intensive care unit on day 1, n (%) | 161 (18.4) | 415 (32.3) | <.001 |
| Enterobacterales isolated from bloodstream | |||
| Citrobacter spp. | 21 (2.4) | 20 (1.6) | .160 |
| Enterobacter spp. | 98 (11.2) | 159 (12.4) | .430 |
| Escherichia coli | 420 (48.0) | 513 (39.9) | <.001 |
| Klebsiella spp. | 284 (32.4) | 477 (37.1) | .025 |
| Proteus mirabilis | 29 (3.3) | 63 (4.9) | .072 |
| Serratia marcescens | 24 (2.7) | 53 (4.1) | .088 |
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.
aChronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, pulmonary fibrosis, tracheostomy dependency.