TABLE 4.

Recommendations to Increase the Representation of Women as Authors in Randomized Controlled Trials

Recommendations for early- and mid-career women cardiologists	Engage in online and social media networks, limiting content to science Participate in national and international research networks or registries that offer women research collaboration, mentorship, and sponsorship opportunities Invest in clinical research training (certificate programs offered by societies, advanced degrees and fellowships offered by universities)
Recommendations for senior men and women cardiologists	Mentor and sponsor the next generation of women trialists Create a supportive culture to ensure equal opportunity and recognition Learn to recognize and intervene during harassment
Recommendations for academic and departmental leadership	Receive education about gender disparities in research career advancement Eliminate inappropriate questions during interviews for recruitment and promotion, and mitigate implicit bias in selection processes Develop mentoring and sponsoring programs for career growth of researchers Include women as board or executive committee members at research institutes Ensure equal opportunity (in recruitment and retention, compensation, access to resources) and recognition for researchers based on objective criteria Encourage self-nominations and eliminate reliance on department chairs or committees to nominate researchers for awards or advancement opportunities Implement a zero-tolerance policy for workplace harassment Implement flexible promotion policies that recognize the familial and child rearing demands of early-career investigators Encourage women to apply for funding opportunities Participate in anti-bias training
Recommendations for industry and grant funding agencies	Conduct blind reviews of applications and use more equitable review criteria Provide gender breakdown of applicants and awards Include women scientists as reviewers and chairs on funding committees Include women in luminary networks (key opinion leaders, scientific advisory boards)
Recommendations for journals	Provide equitable peer review Set objective criteria and avoid informal networks for the selection of editors and editorial boards