Figure 4.

Associations among glucose values, fetal ultrasonography indexes and altered gut bacteria. Heat map of the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 20 clinical indexes and 18 gut bacterial OTUs adjusted with age and BMI. Different kinds of blood glucose values at 12 weeks’ (FBG level) and 24–28 weeks’ (OGTT) gestation showed substantial correlations with a panel of bacterial OTUs such as two OTUs belonged to Lachnospiraceae (OTU 93, 123). In addition, some of bacterial OTUs (eg. Lachnospiraceae OTU 645) were also correlated with the indexes of fetal ultrasonography such as abdominal circumference and femur length at 30 weeks’ gestation. Brown squares and blue squares indicate positive and negative associations, respectively. The statistical significance was denoted on the squares (*P < .05; +P < .01; $P < .001). Abbreviation: OGTT, Oral glucose tolerance test; FBG, Fasting blood glucose; BPD, Biparietal diameter; HC, Head circumference; AC, Abdominal circumference; FL, Femur length