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(A) Depth–dose curves for photons (6 MV), protons (1H), helium (4He) and carbon (12C) ions. For 1H, 4He and 12C ions pristine Bragg peaks (single energy) are shown in Figure 1Aa (normalised to the same physical dose to the same depth within the in tumour). (B) shows biologically weighted (using LEM IV) SOBP for 1H, 4He and 12C (again normalised to the same depth within the tumour) SOBP, (spread out Bragg peaks).
