Table 4. Patients presenting with injuries requiring surgery who experienced catastrophic health expenditure, by insurance status, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Ghana, 2015–2016.
| Ratio of patient’s out-of-pocket expenditure to: | No. (%) of patients with catastrophic health expenditure |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Threshold for catastrophic health expenditure | ||||
| 5% | 10% | 15% | 20% | |
| Patient’s annual income | ||||
| Insureda (n = 558) | 496 (89) | 388 (70) | 318 (57) | 256 (46) |
| Uninsured (n = 435) | 419 (97) | 390 (90) | 340 (78) | 293 (67) |
| All patients (n = 993) | 915 (92) | 778 (78) | 658 (66) | 549 (55) |
| P | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
| Patient’s assigned annual household income | ||||
| Insureda (n = 558) | 347 (62) | 184 (33) | 106 (19) | 80 (14) |
| Uninsured (n = 435) | 372 (86) | 259 (60) | 168 (39) | 132 (30) |
| All patients (n = 993) | 719 (72) | 443 (45) | 274 (28) | 212 (21) |
| P | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
a Through the national health insurance scheme.
Note: Catastrophic health expenditure was based on the ratio of out-of-pocket expenses to either patient’s annual income or assigned annual household income.