Role of necroptosis and p38 MAPK inhibition on the protective effects of NaHS against HG-induced inflammation in HUVECs. HUVECs were treated with 40 mM HG for 24 h with or without pretreatment with 400 µM NaHS for 30 min and ELISAs were used to analyze the secretory levels of (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) IL-8 and (D) TNF-α. HUVECs were treated with 40 mM HG for 24 h with or without pretreatment with 100 µM Nec-1 for 24 h and ELISAs were used to analyze the secretory levels of (E) IL-1β, (F) IL-6, (G) IL-8 and (H) TNF-α. HUVECs were treated with 40 mM HG for 24 h with or without transfection with RIP3-siRNA for 24 h and ELISAs were used to analyze the secretory levels of (I) IL-1β, (J) IL-6, (K) IL-8 and (L) TNF-α. HUVECs were treated with 40 mM HG for 24 h with or without pretreatment with 3 µM SB203580 for 1 h and ELISAs were used to analyze the secretory levels of (M) IL-1β, (N) IL-6, (O) IL-8 and (P) TNF-α. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n=5). *P<0.05, **P<0.01 vs. control group; #P<0.05, ##P<0.01 vs. HG group. NaHS, sodium hydrosulfide; HG, high glucose; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; RIP3, receptor-interacting protein 3; siRNA, small interfering RNA; Nec-1, necrostatin-1.