Table 3.
Mean (standard deviation) pre- and post-intervention results for amplitude and median frequency and effect size of the intervention.
| FES+TE (n=5) | TE (n=5) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | Effect size | Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | Effect Size | |
| Amplitude (µV) | ||||||
| ES L | 2.80 (2.49) | 11.0 (11.11) | -0.92 | 8.20 (8.64) | 12.20 (6.83) | -0.46 |
| ES R | 3.20 (3.19) | 8.80 (6.30) | -1.01 | 5.60 (4.45) | 11.00 (5.70) | -0.95 |
| RA L | 1.40 (0.89) | 5.80 (6.87) | -0.81* | 5.60 (3.65) | 6.00 (5.10) | -0.97 |
| RA R | 1.80 (1.79) | 6.60 (6.03) | -0.08 | 6.00 (4.30) | 5.40 (4.98) | 0.12 |
| Median Frequency (Hz) | ||||||
| ES L | 16.40 (21.16) | 34.20 (22.13) | -0.74 | 21.00 (19.61) | 41.00 (15.56) | -1.02 |
| ES R | 16.20 (21.24) | 46.00 (21.85) | -1.25 | 17.60 (17.60) | 46.00 (13.34) | -1.64 |
| RA L | 3.00 (4.47) | 29.60 (10.21) | -3.05* | 30.80 (19.15) | 31.80 (11.84) | -0.06 |
| RA R | 3.40 (5.37) | 31.20 (12.85) | -2.55* | 24.00 (16.46) | 31.40 (12.18) | -0.46 |
Abbreviations: SCI - spinal cord injury. FES - functional electrical stimulation, TE - therapeutic exercise, ES - m erector spinae, RA - m rectus abdominis, L - left, R - right,
*
- P<0.05.