Table 1.
Ranking NRF2 activating efficacy (based on an increase in the luminal signal in the AREc32 cell line) of 2 synthetic and 54 natural products
| Potency | Family | Substance | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CDDO-lm | Synthetic | |
| 2 | Diterpenoid | Andrographolide | Herbaceous plant |
| 3 | Diterpenoid | trans-chalcone | Tomato skin |
| 4 | Isothiocyanates | Sulforaphane | Broccoli |
| 5 | Zingiberaceae | Curcumin | Tumeric |
| 6 | Flavonoid | Flavone | Spices and red-purple plant foods |
| 7 | Diterpenoid | Kahweol | Coffee beans |
| 8 | Diterpenoid | Carnosol | Rosemary (herb) |
| 9 | tBHQ | Synthetic |
Natural compounds that did not activate NRF2: resveratrol and oleanolic acid. CDDO-lm, 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-diene-28-oic acid-limidazole; tBHW, tert-butylhydroquinone.