Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and clinical features of the patients at the time of surgery
| Patient characteristics | Caucasian (2891, 88%) | Hispanic (190, 6%) | Asian (145, 4%) | African American (67, 2%) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD), year | 68±10.6 | 68±11.2 | 68.7±11.4 | 64.9±11.6 | 0.09 |
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Male | 2336 (80.80) | 150 (78.95) | 110 (75.86) | 44 (65.67) | 0.009 |
| Female | 555 (19.20) | 40 (21.05) | 35 (24.14) | 23 (34.33) | |
| BMI (mean ± SD), kg/m2 | 27.4±5.3 | 28.4±5.5 | 24.4±4.4 | 28.5±6.4 | <0.001 |
| Smoking | 2165 (74.89) | 135 (71.05) | 72 (49.66) | 49 (73.17) | <0.001 |
| ASA score, n (%) | |||||
| 1–2 | 581 (28.22) | 34 (21.12) | 50 (38.46) | 10 (17.54) | 0.003 |
| 3–4 | 1478 (71.78) | 127 (78.88) | 80 (61.54) | 47 (82.46) | |
| CCI, n (%) | |||||
| 0 | 1337 (49.63) | 98 (52.97) | 66 (58.53) | 35 (53.03) | 0.57 |
| 1 | 571 (21.20) | 34 (18.38) | 37 (27.21) | 13 (19.70) | |
| ≥2 | 786 (29.18) | 53 (18.65) | 33 (24.26) | 18 (27.27) | |
| Time from diagnosis to treatment (mean ± SD), days | 75.4±15.9 | 85.5±92.8 | 76.8±83.1 | 81.8±64.7 | <0.001 |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, n (%) | 407 (14.08) | 36 (18.95) | 25 (17.24) | 10 (14.93) | 0.23 |
| Clinical stage, n (%) | |||||
| ≤T2, N0 | 2495 (86.30) | 147 (77.37) | 116 (80.00) | 58 (86.57) | 0.001 |
| ≥T3, N0 | 265 (9.17) | 24 (12.63) | 23 (15.86) | 5 (7.46) | |
| N+ | 131 (4.53) | 19 (10.00) | 6 (4.14) | 4 (5.97) | |
| Pathological stage, n (%) | |||||
| ≤T2, N0 | 1685 (58.25) | 100 (52.63) | 91 (62.76) | 35 (52.54) | 0.40 |
| ≥T3, N0 | 578 (19.99) | 40 (21.05) | 30 (20.69) | 15 (22.39) | |
| N+ | 628 (21.72) | 50 (26.32) | 24 (16.55) | 17 (25.37) | |
| Carcinoma in situ, n (%) | 1609 (55.66) | 98 (51.58) | 72 (49.66) | 32 (47.76) | 0.21 |
| Lymphovascular invasion, n (%) | 797 (27.57) | 59 (31.05) | 39 (26.90) | 20 (29.85) | 0.73 |
| Positive margins, n (%) | 162 (5.60) | 12 (6.32) | 5 (3.45) | 3 (4.48) | 0.66 |
| Diversion, n (%) | |||||
| Orthotopic | 1659 (57.38) | 116 (61.05) | 93 (64.14) | 36 (53.73) | 0.28 |
| Heterotopic | 1232 (42.62) | 74 (38.95) | 52 (35.86) | 31 (46.27) | |
| Associated variant histology, n (%) | 585 (20.24) | 40 (21.05) | 24 (16.55) | 18 (26.87) | 0.37 |
| Transfusion | 1323 (45.76) | 100 (52.63) | 82 (56.55) | 37 (55.22) | 0.01 |
ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI: body mass index: CCI: Charlson comorbidity index; SD: standard deviation.