Table 1.
Clinical History, Pertinent Laboratory and Imaging Findings, and Histology for the Studied Cases
| Case No. | Disease Group | History | PLT, × 103/μL (Normal, 150-400) | D-Dimer, μg/mL FEU | Thrombosis (Imaging) | Anticoagulation | Histology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A20-1 | Control lung | Metastatic carcinoma | 126 | NP | NP | None | Normal lung |
| A20-6 | Control lung | Heart failure | 190 | NP | None | Heparin drip | Normal lung with hemosiderin-laden macrophages |
| A18-84 | Control lung | Heart failure | 206 | NP | None | Heparin drip | Normal lung |
| A18-2 | DAD (MI) | Myocardial infarction | 70 | 10.42 | NP | Heparin drip | Early diffuse alveolar damage and intra-alveolar hemorrhage |
| A18-15 | DAD (AML) | Acute myeloid leukemia | 30 | 1.13 | None | None | Exudative phase diffuse alveolar damage and intravascular blasts |
| A18-32 | DAD (pulmonary hemorrhage) | Ruptured AAA | 95 | NP | NP | None | Alveolar hemorrhage and rare thrombi |
| A18-123 | DAD (polymicrobial sepsis) | CLL, factor VIII deficiency | 11 | 6.26 | Right cephalic vein thrombus | None | Alveolar damage and multifocal bronchopneumonia |
| A20-56 | COVID-19 | Diabetes, Morbid obesity | 344 | 1.49 | None | Heparin drip | Extensive bacterial pneumonia, rare microthrombi, and foci of diffuse alveolar damage |
| A20-59 | COVID-19 | Tetrology of Fallot following correction | 155 | 2.04 | Left axillary vein thrombus | Heparin drip | Organizing diffuse alveolar damage and mucus plugs |
| A20-62 | COVID-19 | Dementia | 254 | 3.59 | Right upper extremity thrombus | Heparin drip | Early diffuse alveolar damage, hemorrhage, aspiration pneumonia focally, and rare thrombi |
| A20-65 | COVID-19 | CVA, dementia | 362 | 2.13 | None | None | Early diffuse alveolar damage, hemorrhage, aspiration pneumonia focally, and rare thrombi |
| A20-73 | COVID-19 | CLL, anal cancer | 229 | 1.83 | None | None | Diffuse alveolar damage, hyaline membranes, and focal bronchopneumonia |
| A20-76 | COVID-19 | None | 169 | 3.4 | None | Heparin drip | Diffuse alveolar damage, hemorrhage, and reactive pneumocytes |
| A20-78 | COVID-19 | Morbid obesity | 405 | >20 | None | Heparin drip | Diffuse alveolar damage, infarction, and hemorrhage |
| A20-83 | COVID-19 | Diabetes | 394 | >20 | None | Heparin drip | Diffuse alveolar damage, infarction, and edema |
| A20-90 | COVID-19 | Diabetes | 185 | 7.35 | None | Heparin drip | Organizing diffuse alveolar damage |
| A18-172 | Influenza | None | 98 | NP | NP | Heparin drip | Intra-alveolar hemorrhage, chronic inflammation, and mild emphysematous changes |
| A18-27 | Influenza | Glioblastoma multiforme | 46 | >20 | NP | None | Intra-alveolar hemorrhage, edema, chronic inflammation, and mild emphysematous changes |
| A17-30 | MSSA pneumonia + influenza | None | 70 | NP | NP | None | Necrotizing pneumonia with abundant bacterial organisms |
| A18-131 | Pseudomonas pneumonia | Necrotizing enterocolitis, prematurity | 43 | NP | None | Heparin drip | Hemorrhage, perivascular bacterial colonies, and minimal inflammation |
| A18-33 | Aspiration pneumonia | T-cell lymphoma | 118 | 3.83 | None | None | Extensive aspiration pneumonia with polymicrobial forms |
| A18-147 | Aspiration pneumonia | None | 290 | >20 | Multiple lower extremity thrombi | Heparin drip | Multifocal pneumonia with associated microorganisms |
| A18-58 | Candidiasis | Stage IV neuroblastoma, TA-TMA | 51 | 9.52 | Radial artery thrombus | Heparin drip | Diffuse alveolar damage and abundant yeast forms |
| A18-96 | Aspergillosis | T-ALL | 14 | 1.05 | Left subclavian/ distal axillary vein thrombus | None | Diffuse alveolar damage and abundant fungal hyphae |
| A20-79 | Cryptococcosis | Heart transplant | 124 | 2.02 | NP | Heparin drip | Diffuse cryptococcal pneumonia |
| A19-33 | Blastomycosis | Alcoholism | 151 | 13.74 | NP | None | Diffuse necrotizing fungal pneumonia |
| A18-155 | Multiple pulmonary thromboemboli | None | 262 | NP | Pulmonary emboli | Heparin drip | Multiple pulmonary emboli and bacterial overgrowth without inflammation |
AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLL, chronic lymphocytic lymphoma; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; DAD, diffuse alveolar damage; FEU, fibrinogen equivalent unit; MI, myocardial infraction; MSSA, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; NP, not performed; PLT, platelet; T-ALL, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia; TA-TMA, transfusion-associated thrombotic microangiopathy.