Table 3.
Univariate and Multivariate Cox Regression Analysis Evaluating the Association Between Interventions and 30-Day Mortality (All Predictors Are Included as Time-Dependent Covariates)
| Intervention | HR (95% CI) | P Value | aHR (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medications During Hospital Course | ||||
| Doxycycline | 0.57 (0.34–0.94) | .028 | 0.92 (0.49–1.69) | .78 |
| Macrolides | 0.33 (0.10–1.04) | .058 | 0.32 (0.09–1.03) | .05 |
| Proteases inhibitors (LPV/r or DRV/r) | 0.41 (0.25–0.66) | <.001 | 0.54 (0.3–0.97) | .039 |
| Remdesivir | 0.28 (0.04–2.08) | .218 | - | - |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 0.43 (0.26–0.70) | <.001 | 0.75 (0.4–1.39) | .36 |
| Steroids | 0.25 (0.78–2.10) | .315 | - | - |
| Low-molecular-weight heparin | 0.24 (0.15–0.40) | <.001 | 0.36 (0.21–0.6) | <.001 |
| Immunosuppressants | ||||
| Tocilizumab | 0.51 (0.13–2.11) | .36 | - | - |
| Baricitinib | 0.14 (0.03–0.56) | .006 | 0.69 (0.27–1.78) | .45 |
| Other Interventions | ||||
| Noninvasive ventilation | 0.84 (0.47–1.53) | .57 | - | - |
| ECMO | 1.90 (0.26–13.73) | .52 | - | - |
Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; DRV/r darunavir/ritonavir; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HR, hazard ratio; LPV/r, lopinavir/ritonavir.
aNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) does not include patients who received NIV after weaning from invasive mechanical ventilation.