Fig 7. Illustration of local and population conditionally Poisson BSN frameworks with synaptic delays.

(A) Spike trains simulated from the local Poisson framework implementing a 1D exact integrator, both without (top) and with a 1-ms synaptic delay (middle). The network output accurately tracked the target variable for both models (bottom). As before, red/blue spike trains indicate neurons with positive/output weights. (B) Analogous plots for population Poisson framework. (C) Stimulus used for simulations shown in A and B. (D) Coefficient of determination (R²) computed using 50 simulations of each framework. Black trace indicates the maximum possible R² value that could be obtained given the exponential Euler integration rule (see Methods).