Table 2.

Excerpt of the histological results and virus distribution from VSBV-1 “Alvin” infection studies in Lewis rats.

Animal number	Organ		Histopathology	Immunohistochemistry		In situ hybridisation
				Score	Cells positive for VSBV-1 antigen	Score	Cells positive for VSBV-RNA
Group 4 /#6	Brain	Cerebral cortex	Non-purulent meningoencephalitis with mononuclear perivascular cuffs, meningeal infiltrates, glia activation and satellitosis	++	Neurons, pyramidal cells, astrocytes	+	Neurons, astrocytes
		Hippocampus		++++	Neurons, astrocytes	++	Neurons, astrocytes
		Cerebellum		-		-
		Brain stem		+++(+)	Neurons, astrocytes	++	Neurons, astrocytes
	Spinal cord		No histological lesion	+(+)	Neurons, ganglia cells, astrocytes	-
	Pancreas		No histological lesion	+++	Endocrine cells of langerhans islets	-
Group 4 /#9	Brain	Cerebral cortex	Non-purulent meningoencephalitis with mononuclear perivascular cuffs, meningeal infiltrates and glia activation	+	Neurons, pyramidal cells, astrocytes	+	Neurons, astrocytes
		Hippocampus		+++	Neurons, astrocytes	++	Neurons, astrocytes
		Cerebellum		-		-
		Brain stem		-		-
	Spinal cord		No histological lesion	-		-
	Pancreas		No histological lesion	++(+)	Endocrine cells of langerhans islets	-
	Adrenal gland		No histological lesion	+++	Medullar and cortical endocrine cells	-
Group 4 /#10	Brain	Cerebral cortex	Non-purulent meningoencephalitis with mononuclear perivascular cuffs, meningeal infiltrates and glia activation	+	Neurons, pyramidal cells, astrocytes	++	Neurons, astrocytes
		Hippocampus		+++	Neurons, astrocytes	++	Neurons, astrocytes
		Cerebellum		+++(+)	Purkinje cell, astrocytes	+	Neurons, astrocytes
		Brain stem		++	Neurons, astrocytes	+	Neurons, astrocytes
	Spinal cord		No histological lesion	-		-
	Pancreas		No histological lesion	++(+)	Endocrine cells of langerhans islets	-

++++ = very high no of positive cells, +++ = high no. of positive cells, ++ = moderate no. of positive cells, + = low number of positive cells, - = no positive cells (according to Petzold et al., 2019).