Table 2.

The proportion of renal cell cancer incidence attributable ^a to hypertension and CKD among adults age 50 years or older by race and sex in the USKC and KPNC studies.

		USKC			KPNC
Exposure	Sex/Race	PAR% (95%CI)		P-valueb	PAR%(95%CI)		P-valueb
Hypertension	Female
	White	28.5	(13.4, 43.6)	0.14	27.4	(20.3, 34.5)	0.31
	Black	50.1	(23.5, 76.7)		39.8	(17.5, 62.2)
	Male
	White	26.6	(14.2, 39.0)	0.13	18.9	(13.7, 24.1)	0.72
	Black	44.4	(24.7, 64.1)		22.8	(1.6, 44.1)
CKD	Female
	White	0.4	(−1.5, 2.3)	0.02	−0.3	(−0.8, 0.1)	0.009
	Black	8.4	(1.9, 14.9)		6.9	(1.5, 12.4)
	Male
	White	0.6	(−0.5, 1.6)	0.002	0.0	(−0.6, 0.5)	0.0003
	Black	9.4	(4.0, 14.8)		10.1	(4.6, 15.5)
CKD or hypertension	Female
	White	29.7	(15.0, 44.4)	0.15	27.2	(20.0, 34.4)	0.17
	Black	51.2	(25.6, 76.8)		43.0	(22.2, 63.8)
	Male
	White	27.0	(14.7, 39.3)	0.04	18.9	(13.7, 24.1)	0.28
	Black	49.2	(32.0, 66.3)		29.4	(10.5, 48.3)

Abbreviations: USKC, US Kidney Cancer Study; KPNC, Kaiser Permanente Northern California; PAR, population attributable risk; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease.

^aUSKC PAR% were calculated from unconditional sample weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for hypertension, CKD, body mass index, smoking status, education, age, study center and family history of cancer. KPNC PAR% were calculated using conditional logistic regression models, conditioned on the matched sets and adjusted for hypertension, CKD, smoking status, and diabetes.

^bP-value estimated from two sample t-test of difference by race.