Table 2.

Scope and methods of electricity generation and renewable energy deployment co-benefits research.

Authors	Study Purpose	Scale	Emissions model type	Air chemistry model type
McCubbin and Sovacool (79)	Evaluate the air quality benefits from deploying wind power in California and Idaho	Regional	Emissions inventory	Reduced form
Plachinski et al. (80)	Current, expected, proposed EE/RE state WI policies	State	Capacity expansion model	Full physics
Buonocore et al. (81)	Compare four scenarios: 500 MW wind, 500 MW solar, 500 MW reduced peak load, and 150 MW reduced baseload in six locations in the PJM Interconnection	Regional	Production cost model	Reduced form
Wiser et al. (82)	Evaluate benefits of solar PV deployment of 14% in 2030 and 27% in 2050	National	Capacity expansion model	Reduced form
Millstein et al. (83)	Quantify co-benefits from actual 2007–2015 PV and wind deployment	National	Data and analysis tool	Reduced form
Abel et al. (84)	17% electricity generation replaced with PV in Eastern U.S.	Regional	Production cost model	Full physics
Abel et al. (85)	12% summertime baseload electricity demand reduction stemming from energy efficiency measures	National	Data and analysis tool	Full physics
Buonocore et al. (86)	Scenarios of deploying 100–3,000 MW renewable energy (wind, utility solar PV, rooftop solar PV) in different U.S. regions	National	Data and analysis tool	Reduced form