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. 2020 Dec 4;10:21226. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78210-8

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Replication of recombinant viruses in brain cells of turkeys, pigs and cats. Replication of indicated viruses was tested in primary turkey embryo brain (TEB) cells (A), Warthog brain PHA-B-1-R cell line (B) and Cat brain CEB1-R cell line (C) after infection with recombinant viruses at an MOI of 0.001 for 24 h in the presence ( +) or absence (-) of trypsin. Virus titers are expressed as log10 PFU/ml and are shown as the mean and standard deviation of three independent rounds. Asterisk indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to wt-H9N2 K319.