. 2020 Nov 6;9:187–201. doi: 10.1007/s40204-020-00141-4

Table 2.

Young modulus and associated parameters of five chitosan hydrogels assessed by AFM on lateral surface and by rheometer device

	Lateral surface	Cp 1.5%/DA 4.0%	Cp 2.5%/DA 4.0%	Cp 3.5%/DA 4.0%	Cp 2.5%/DA 38.5%	Cp 2.5%/DA 4.0% (NaOH)
AFM device	Number of data	1280	1587	768	584	1280
	Maximum value ( $E_{\max}$ ) (kPa)	27.4	237.6	2,603.4	15.3	916.1
	Mean value ( $E_{m}$ ) (kPa)	4.7	26.3	317.0	4.1	213.3
	Standard deviation (kPa)	4.7	21.4	376	1.7	135.8
	Peak value ( $\bar{E}$ ) (kPa)	1.9	13.0	85.0	3.9	158.8
	Skewness	2.4	2.0	3.1	1.3	1.7
	$\frac{E_{m} - \bar{E}}{E_{m}} \cdot$ (%)	58.9	50.7	73.2	4.6	25.6
	$\frac{E_{\max}}{\bar{E}}$	14.2	18.3	30.6	4.0	5.8
	Kernel size (kPa)	0.6	5.3	58.3	0.3	20.5
Rheometer device	Storage shear modulus ( $G^{^{'}}$ ) (kPa) $\pm$ 0.2 (kPa)	0.25	1.1	2.45	2.54	1.95
Rheometer device	Equivalent elastic modulus $E_{R} = 3 G^{^{'}}$ (kPa) $\pm$ 0.6 (kPa)	0.75	3.3	7.35	7.62	5.85