Table 2.

SWOT analysis for AR research in Europe. COMBAR = EU COST Action Combating Anthelmintic Resistance in Europe [37]; AR = Anthelmintic Resistance; STAR-IDAZ IRC = International Research Consortium on Animal Health.

Internal		External
Strengths	Weaknesses	Opportunities	Threats
European initiative endorsed by all COMBAR members	Data on AR not collected on a constant basis (non-continuous and non-consistent data collection)	Real-time data sharing including a live database on AR in ruminant livestock	Insufficient public awareness of AR (compared to antimicrobial resistance)
Consistency and compliance with the priorities of the STAR-IDAZ IRC on animal health	Lack of harmonised tests for field and laboratory detection of AR to allow early reaction	Development of coordinated European surveillance system of AR.	The pattern in the AR maps could be misleading (black-box effect)
		Disseminate knowledge and promote the use of standardised methods for determining AR
Live database compiled by regional experts with published and unpublished data	Fragmented surveillance systems and data biased towards Northern European countries and towards GIN	Striving to obtain precise location of AR cases	Data protection legislation may hamper the availability of georeferenced data to allow robust spatial analyses of AR
Operate in real time, providing maps, tables and reports	Spatial sampling bias can limit the analysis and interpretation of AR data	Rapid, responsive, efficient, and cost-effective planning of AR surveys	Confounding factors not related to AR may not be taken into consideration