Table 1.

Docking binding energy (ΔG) values after docking of the investigated drugs on the nose-to-brain related macromolecules.

Macromolecule (carrier/protein)—PDB code	Binding energy (kcal/mole)
	Cefotaxime	Ceftriaxone
Gelatin matrix (gelatin nanospheres)	− 8.53 ± 0.4	− 11.68 ± 0.5
Tripalmitin matrix (solid lipid nanoparticles)	− 9.60 ± 0.2	− 10.77 ± 0.4
Mucin—2ACM	− 11.67 ± 0.2	− 11.70 ± 0.2
P-gp efflux pump—3G61	− 8.95 ± 0.3	− 10.22 ± 0.4
Protein binding protein 1A (PBP-1A) 26CW	− 12.32 ± 0.1	− 13.18 ± 0.2
Protein binding protein 2B (PBP-2B) 2WAD	− 12.11 ± 0.2	− 14.35 ± 0.03