Table 1.
The Comparison of General Data, Emotional Assessment, Biochemical Indicators and Cytokines Among Three Groups
| Variables | NDPN (n = 37) | DPN-1(n = 29) | DPN-2 (n = 15) | Statistic | p-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male/Female | 23/14 | 17/12 | 7/8 | 1.059 | 0.589 |
| Age (yr) | 49.3±14.2 | 60.5±10.8* | 60.0±10.6* | −7.843 | 0.001 |
| Disease duration (yr) | 9.0(6.0, 12.0) | 12.0(5.5, 16.5)* | 10.0(6.0, 17.0)* | 15.918 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3±3.7 | 25.9(24.6, 27.3) | 25.1±3.9 | 3.490 | 0.175 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 129.8±19.1 | 136.7±13.0 | 146.0(137.0, 160.0)* | 9.909 | 0.007 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 81.4±14.4 | 81.0(69.5.0, 87.0) | 83.9±11.9 | 0.833 | 0.659 |
| SDS (score) | 55.3±9.4 | 60.5±9.8 | 59.9±8.1 | 2.885 | 0.062 |
| SAS (score) | 47.7±7.9 | 51.0(46.0,56.0) | 56.2±9.7*# | 9.611 | 0.008 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 7.8(6.2, 10.3) | 9.8±2.9 | 9.6±2.1 | 5.448 | 0.066 |
| HbA1c (%) | 9.0(7.9, 10.5) | 9.0(7.6,10.7) | 9.8±2.1 | 0.910 | 0.634 |
| T3 (pmol/l) | 1.7(1.5, 1.9) | 1.7(1.5, 1.9) | 2.0±0.3*# | 10.124 | 0.006 |
| T4 (pmol/l) | 96.7(89.3, 119.2) | 95.9(90.4, 107.8) | 106.9±20.8 | 0.778 | 0.678 |
| TSH (μIU/mL) | 2.3(1.6, 3.3) | 2.4±1.2 | 2.5±1.4 | 0.041 | 0.980 |
| Total protein (g/l) | 68.9±5.3 | 70.1±6.4 | 66.0±6.9 | 2.302 | 0.107 |
| Albumin (g/l) | 42.6(40.8, 46.5) | 42.4±5.4 | 40.5±4.6 | 3.514 | 0.173 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.9±1.3 | 4.6±1.2 | 5.1±0.7 | 0.978 | 0.381 |
| Triglyceride (mmol/l) | 1.7(1.2, 3.1) | 1.6(1.0, 2.2) | 1.2(0.9, 2.6) | 2.537 | 0.281 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.9±1.0 | 2.3±1.2 | 3.0 (2.8, 3.3) | 4.070 | 0.131 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.1(0.9, 1.5) | 1.3±0.4 | 1.5±0.4* | 8.356 | 0.015 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 11.1(7.0, 40.3) | 41.5(8.3, 60.3)* | 48.1(10.6, 59.8)* | 6.993 | 0.030 |
| Interleukin-17 (pg/mL) | 8.3(6.5, 46.0) | 26.9(6.8, 64.9) | 60.4(17.7.6, 64.9)* | 11.541 | 0.003 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 35.7(5.0, 83.5) | 85.6(29.2 98.9)* | 76.0(23.0,103.2)* | 7.602 | 0.022 |
| TNF-β (pg/mL) | 34.0(4.4, 50.8) | 53.9(15.3, 62.7) | 44.9(26.9, 60.9) | 4,845 | 0.089 |
Notes: Compared with NDPN group, *P < 0.05; Compared with DPN1 group, #P < 0.05
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DPN-1, mild diabetic peripheral neuropathy; DPN-2, moderate-severe diabetic peripheral neuropathy; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NDPN, no diabetic peripheral neuropathy; SAS, self-rating anxiety scale; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SDS, self-rating depression scale; T3, triiodothyronine; T4, tetraiodothyronine; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TNF-β, tumor necrosis factor-β; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.