Table 2.
Representation of Women Authors in HF Clinical Trials Based on Key Trial-Level Characteristics
| Trial Characteristics | Total No. of Trials, n (%) | Total No. of Authors Per Trial, Median (IQR) | Proportion of Women Authors Per Trial (%), Median (IQR) | First/Senior Woman Author, N (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Region of enrollment | ||||
| North America | 29 (26) | 10 (7–12) | 28.6 (12.5–39.1) | 7 (24) |
| Western Europe | 19 (17) | 12 (8–14) | 11.8 (7.1–16.7) | 3 (17) |
| Mixed/multiregional | 57 (51) | 13 (10–15) | 6.7 (0–15.4) | 5 (9) |
| Rest of the world | 6 (6) | 16.5 (8–26) | 13.4 (6.3–23.8) | 1 (25) |
| Funding source | ||||
| Government | 23 (20) | 10 (8–17) | 20 (14.3–33.3) | 8 (38) |
| NIH/NHLBI | 10 (9) | 10 (9–17) | 28 (20–50) | 5 (50) |
| Non-NIH/NHLBI | 13 (11) | 11 (8–19) | 13 (8–22) | 3 (30) |
| University/Organization | 19 (16) | 13 (8–18) | 19.7 (10–33.3) | 3 (17) |
| Industry | 74 (64) | 11 (8–14) | 7.4 (0–15.4) | 7 (9) |
| HF setting | ||||
| HF with reduced EF | 83 (70) | 11 (8–14) | 9.5 (0–172) | 10 (12) |
| HF with preserved EF | 4 (3) | 14 (73–21.5) | 17.9 (16.9–24.1) | 3 (75) |
| HF regardless of EF | 15 (13) | 9 (8–14) | 28.6 (12.5–33.3) | 4 (27) |
| Acute HF | 16 (14) | 14 (10–16) | 7.7 (6.3–20) | 1 (7) |
EF indicates ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; IQR, interquartile range; NHLBI, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; and NIH, National Institutes of Health.