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. 2020 Dec 4;10:21260. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78209-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Concentrations of urea in children with kidney disease or healthy controls in (A) plasma, (B) saliva. Concentrations of creatinine in children with kidney disease or healthy controls in (C) plasma, (D) saliva. Correlations between plasma urea and its salivary concentrations in (E) children with kidney disease, (F) healthy controls. Correlations between plasma creatinine and its salivary concentrations in (G) children with kidney disease, (H) healthy controls. Results are expressed as mean + SD. *** denotes p ˂ 0.001 in comparison to healthy controls (n = 35 for children with kidney disease, n = 29 for healthy controls).