Table 1.

Definitions of different types of violence

Term	Abbreviation	Definition
Interpersonal violence		The intentional use of physical force or power against other persons by an individual or small group of individuals. Interpersonal violence may be physical, sexual, or psychological (also called emotional violence), and it may involve deprivation and neglect. Acts of interpersonal violence can be further divided into family or partner violence and community violence [26].
Intimate partner violence	IPV	Behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, sexual or psychological harm, including acts of physical aggression, sexual coercion, psychological abuse and controlling behaviors [27]*
Gender-based violence	GBV	Any act that is perpetrated against a person’s will and is based on gender norms and unequal power relationships. It encompasses threats of violence and coercion. It can be physical, emotional, psychological, or sexual in nature, and can take the form of a denial of resources or access to services [28]†.

*This definition covers violence by both current and former spouses and partners.

†Although the terms GBV and violence against women are often used interchangeably, GBV can inflict harm on men and boys as well as women and girls.