Table 1.
Individual characteristics of the study sample and the corresponding utilisation of health care
| Healthcare utilisation |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
n (%) |
Outpatient |
Inpatient |
|||
|
SPR (95% CI)* |
OR (95% CI)† |
SPR (95% CI) * |
OR (95% CI)† |
||
|
Sex: | |||||
| Men |
310 671 (47.8) |
6.46 (6.37-6.45) |
1.00 |
1.83 (1.77-1.87) |
1.00 |
| Women |
338 954 (52.2) |
8.85 (8.74-8.93) |
1.39 (1.36-1.42) |
2.21 (2.16-2.26) |
1.19 (1.15-1.23) |
|
Age group: | |||||
| 18-30 |
157 101 (24.2) |
5.30 (5.18-5.40) |
1.00 |
1.61 (1.55-1.67) |
1.00 |
| 31-40 |
159 454 (24.5) |
6.53 (6.40-6.64) |
1.20 (1.17-1.24) |
1.61 (1.54-1.66) |
0.96 (0.91-1.02) |
| 41-50 |
147 271 (22.7) |
8.00 (7.86-8.13) |
1.44 (1.40-1.49) |
1.84 (1.77-1.90) |
1.01 (0.95-1.07) |
| 51-60 |
103 543 (15.9) |
9.68 (9.50-9.86) |
1.70 (1.64-1.75) |
2.47 (2.37-2.56) |
1.30 (1.23-1.39) |
| 61-70 |
52 278 (8.0) |
11.57 (11.29-11.84) |
1.89 (1.82-1.97) |
3.22 (3.06-3.37) |
1.57 (1.46-1.68) |
| >70 |
29 978 (4.7) |
11.58 (11.21-11.94) |
1.62 (1.54-1.70) |
3.76 (3.53-3.97) |
1.53 (1.40-1.66) |
|
Self-assessed health: | |||||
| Good |
497 409 (76.5) |
6.13 (6.05-6.19) |
1.00 |
1.48 (1.44-1.51) |
1.00 |
| Moderate |
140 801 (21.7) |
12.11 (11.92-12.28) |
2.08 (2.03-2.12) |
3.21 (3.11-3.30) |
2.26 (2.17-2.35) |
| Bad |
11 415 (1.8) |
24.71 (23.70-25.70) |
4.41 (4.20-4.62) |
10.03 (9.36-10.70) |
7.73 (7.21-8.29) |
|
Wealth level: | |||||
| Quintile 1 (poorest) |
119 737 (18.4) |
7.31 (7.16-7.45) |
1.00 |
1.14 (1.07-1.19) |
1.00 |
| Quintile 2 |
125 770 (19.4) |
7.16 (7.01-7.29) |
1.15 (1.11-1.19) |
1.61 (1.54-1.68) |
1.50 (1.39-1.62) |
| Quintile 3 |
131 971 (20.3) |
7.65 (7.51-7.77) |
1.26 (1.22-1.31) |
1.98 (1.90-2.05) |
1.80 (1.67-1.94) |
| Quintile 4 |
135 950 (20.9) |
8.34 (8.18-8.48) |
1.36 (1.31-1.41) |
2.51 (2.42-2.59) |
2.12 (1.97-2.29) |
| Quintile 5 (richest) |
136 197 (21.0) |
8.31 (8.16-8.46) |
1.38 (1.33-1.44) |
2.90 (2.81-2.99) |
2.37 (2.19-2.56) |
|
Education level: | |||||
| Pre-primary |
134 354 (20.7) |
7.90 (7.73-8.06) |
1.00 |
1.57 (1.49-1.64) |
1.00 |
| Primary |
193 807 (29.8) |
7.48 (7.36-7.60) |
1.16 (1.13-1.19) |
1.73 (1.66-1.78) |
1.17 (1.10-1.23) |
| Lower secondary |
107 915 (16.6) |
8.02 (7.82-8.21) |
1.17 (1.13-1.22) |
2.27 (2.15-2.38) |
1.27 (1.19-1.36) |
| Upper secondary |
163 063 (25.1) |
8.58 (8.39-8.76) |
1.12 (1.08-1.16) |
2.71 (2.60-2.82) |
1.26 (1.18-1.35) |
| Tertiary |
50 486 (7.8) |
9.37 (9.06-9.68) |
1.11 (1.06-1.16) |
3.41 (3.21-3.61) |
1.35 (1.24-1.47) |
|
Health insurance status: | |||||
| Uninsured |
2 801 569 (43.1) |
5.56 (5.47-5.64) |
1.00 |
1.45 (1.40-1.49) |
1.00 |
| Civil servant insurance |
59 943 (9.2) |
10.42 (10.17-10.65) |
1.85 (1.79-1.92) |
3.69 (3.53-3.83) |
1.99 (1.87-2.11) |
| Public insurance for the poor |
273 553 (42.1) |
8.93 (8.82-9.03) |
1.52 (1.49-1.56) |
2.01 (1.96-2.06) |
1.43 (1.36-1.49) |
| Private health insurance | 35 973 (5.6) | 10.55 (10.09-11.00) | 1.61 (1.54-1.69) | 4.09 (3.79-4.38) | 2.12 (1.98-2.28) |
SPR – standardised prevalence rate, CI – confidence interval, OR – odds ratio
*Age- and sex-standardised prevalence rate with 95% confidence interval, per 100 persons (except in sex and age groups standardised for age or sex only).
†Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval adjusted for age, sex, self-assessed health, wealth, education level, health insurance, type of district, and region.