Table 3.
Sleep Parameters and Inspiratory Muscle Strength in IMT and Placebo Groups
| IMT Group | Placebo Group | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | Pre-Post Difference | p-value | Pre | Post | Pre-Post Difference | p-value | |
| AHI | 31.7 ± 15.9 | 29.9 ± 15.8* | −1.8 (−2.5 a −1.0) | <0.001 | 31.4 ± 20.8 | 32.2 ± 21.2 | 0.8 (−1.1 a 2.8) | 0.345 |
| ESS | 12.5 ± 4.0 | 7.7 ± 3.0* | −4.8 (−7.8 a −1.7) | 0.008 | 14.9 ± 5.2 | 9.8 ± 5.0* | −5.1 (−7.7 a 2.5) | 0.002 |
| PSQI | 7.2 ± 3.6 | 3.7 ± 1.3* | −3.5 (−5.7 a −1.3) | 0.008 | 7.5 ± 3.2 | 6.8 ± 2.5 | −0.7 (−3.0 a 1.5) | 0.451 |
| Berlin Q. Positive Category 1, n (%) Positive Category 2, n (%) Positive Category 3, n (%) |
2.6 ± 0.5 8 (100%) 6 (75%) 7 (87.5%) |
1.2 ± 0.5* 3 (37.5%)* 0 (0%)* 7 (87.5%) |
−1.4 (−2.0 a −0.8) | 0.016 0.026 0.007 0.922 |
2.1 ± 0.8 8 (100%) 4 (50%) 6 (75%) |
2.2 ± 0.7 8 (100%) 3 (37.5%) 7 (87.5%) |
0.1 (−0.2 a 0.4) | 1.000 0.493 0.644 |
| MIP, cmH2O | 83.6 ± 26.6 | 127.9 ± 32.5* | 44.3 (12.4 a 76.1) | 0.010 | 74.6 ± 25.4 | 86.0 ± 23.9 | 11.4 (−15.1 a 37.8) | 0.372 |
Notes: Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation and mean difference (95% confidence interval). *Pre vs Post p<0.05
Abbreviations: AHI, apnea–hypopnea index; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale; PSQI, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; Berlin Q., Berlin questionnaire; MIP, maximum inspiratory pressure.