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Exploratory investigations suggest P2G possibly effects preosteoblasts’ TGF-β1 mRNA expression. Experimental data, which includes water controls, suggests that P2G may upregulate TGF- β1 gene expression at hour 30 (Welch’s t-tests). The solid line is the normalized mean of hour 0 pre-treatment baseline measurements. Control refers to study arms treated with water. The graph displays qRT-PCR mRNA expression. NS p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
