Table 1.
Examples of cancer drugs and their related-actionable genes, harboring sex-biased genomic alteration.
| Gene | Molecular alteration | Sex bias | Cancer | Drug | Therapy type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TOP2B | methylation | female | BLCA | Valrubicin, Doxorubicin HCI liposome, Epirubicin | Chemotherapy (anthracyclines) |
| mRNA | female | KIRP | |||
| PDCD1 | methylation | female | BLCA | Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab | Immunotherapy |
| CNA | male | KIRC | |||
| AR | protein | male | KIRC | Flutamide, Enzalutamide | Hormone therapy |
| CTNNB1 | mutation | male | LIHC | Idelalisib | PI3K inhibitor |
| Erlotinib | EGFR inhibitor | ||||
| EGFR | mRNA | female | LUAD | Cetuximab, Erlotinib, Gefitinib, and Lapatinib | EGFR inhibitor |
| methylation | female | BLCA | |||
| NF1 | mRNA | male | LUSC | Trametinib | MEK inhibitor |
| mRNA | female | KIRP | Vemurafenib | RAF inhibitor | |
| Idelalisib | PI3K inhibitor | ||||
| CDKN2A | mRNA | male | HNSC | Palbociclib | CDK inhibitor |
| CNA | male | KIRC | |||
| TSC2 | methylation | female | KIRP | Everolimus, Temsirolimus | mTOR inhibitors |
| methylation | female | KIRC | |||
| BRCA1 | methylation | female | HNSC | Olaparib | PARP inhibitor |
| mRNA | female | KIRP |
Information obtained from Yuan et al. (34). CNA, copy number alteration; BLCA, bladder urothelial carcinoma; HNSC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; KIRC, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma; KIRP, kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma; LIHC, liver hepatocellular carcinoma; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; LUSC, lung squamous cell carcinoma.