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. 2020 Dec 7;15(1):93–98. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.12.015

Table 3.

Kessler’s distress scale.

None of the Time
A Little of the Time
Some of the Time
Most of the Time
All of the Time



N % N % N % N % N % Mean SD 95% CL
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel tired out for no good reason? 43 39.81 30 27.78 28 25.93 7 6.48 0 0 1.991 0.962 0.183
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel nervous? 55 50.93 34 31.48 15 13.89 4 3.70 0 0 1.704 0.846 0.161
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel so nervous that nothing could calm you down? 79 73.15 16 14.81 11 10.19 2 1.85 0 0 1.407 0.749 0.143
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel hopeless? 95 87.96 8 7.41 4 3.70 1 0.93 0 0 1.176 0.526 0.100
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel restless or fidgety? 62 57.41 27 25.00 15 13.89 4 3.70 0 0 1.639 0.859 0.164
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel so restless you could not sit still? 79 73.15 16 14.81 12 11.11 1 0.93 0 0 1.398 0.723 0.138
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel depressed? 64 59.26 28 25.93 15 13.89 1 0.93 0 0 1.565 0.765 0.146
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel that everything was an effort? 74 68.52 4 3.70 9 8.33 15 13.89 6 5.56 1.843 1.348 0.257
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel so sad that nothing could cheer you up? 88 81.48 12 11.11 6 5.56 2 1.85 0 0 1.278 0.653 0.125
In the past 4 weeks, about how often did you feel worthless? 102 94.44 3 2.78 3 2.78 0 0.00 0 0 1.083 0.365 0.070
TOTAL 15.083 5.088 0.971

N= Number.

% = Percentage.

SD= Standard Deviation.

CL= Confidence Limit of Mean.