Responses of microbiome functional pathways. Response of COG categories different carbohydrates, in comparison to the blank control sample; the scale of y-axis was log10-transformed. Significant responses (Wilcoxon test, p < 0.05) were marked with “*”, significant increases are plotted in orange boxes and significant decreases are plotted in blue boxes. Dashed frames gathered significant changes that occurred under the treatment(s), labeled above each colored frame. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)