Fig. 2.
Adipocyte-specific P2Y6R KO mice (adipo-P2Y6Δ/Δ mice) are protected from HFD-induced obesity, metabolic deficits, and peripheral inflammation. (A) IP1 accumulation assay in the differentiated mature white adipocytes (iWAT) from WB-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice. (n = 3 to 4); each experiment was performed in triplicate. (B) IP1 accumulation assay in differentiated mature brown adipocytes from WB-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice (n = 3 to 4). Each experiment was performed in triplicate. (C) mRNA levels of P2Y6R in mature adipocytes isolated from iWAT (n = 5 to 7/group), eWAT (n = 5/group), and BAT (n = 3/group) of adipo-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice. (D) Body weight measurements of mice maintained on HFD (n = 7 to 9/group). (E) Body composition (lean and fat mass in grams) of mice maintained on HFD (n = 7 to 9/group). (F) Tissue weights (iWAT, eWAT, and BAT) after 12 wk on HFD (n = 6 to 8/group). (G) Images of representative adipo-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice (10 wk on HFD). (H) GTT (1 g /kg glucose, i.p.) (n = 6–8/group). (I) ITT (1 U/kg insulin, i.p.) (n = 6 to 8/group). (J) Fasting and fed blood glucose levels (n = 7 to 10/group). (K) Fasting plasma insulin levels (n = 6 to 8/group). (L) Representative H&E- and F4/80-stained sections of iWAT, eWAT, and BAT from adipo-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice maintained on HFD. (M–S) Circulating plasma levels of (M) leptin, (N) resistin, (O) MCP1, (P) IL6, (Q) IFNγ, (R) IL4, and (S) IL10 in adipo-P2Y6Δ/Δ and control mice (n = 6 to 12/group). The expression of 18s RNA was used to normalize qRT-PCR data. All data are expressed as means ± SEM *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 (C–F, J–S: two-tailed Student’s t test; H and I: two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test). All experiments were conducted on mice fed on HFD.