Table 2.

COVID-19 Symptoms21, Prevention22, Mitigation and Challenges. (Items within the same row are unrelated)

Early Symptoms	Preventive Measures	Mitigation Strategies	Problems and Challenges
Common symptoms include fever, dry cough and myalgia or fatigue.	Clean hands often for at least 20 seconds with soap and water or use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer.	If sick stay in a single room for 14 days, avoid sharing personal household items.	Coping with anxiety disorder, depression issues, and mental health problems.
Shortness of breath or cannot breathe deeply enough to fill your lungs with air, chills.	Avoid face-to-face meetings, practice social distance from other people outside of the home.	Monitor symptoms regularly, wear a cloth covering or N-95 mask over nose and mouth.	Knowledge gaps to understand virus transmission, no specific antiviral treatment, and no vaccine available.
Loss of the sense of smell is most likely to occur by the third day of infection and some patients also have experience a loss of the sense of taste.	Cover mouth and nose with a cloth or wear mask when around others, wear gloves and discard them properly.	Manufacturers use of all cleaning and disinfection products, follow the workplace protocol23 and provide PPE to their employee.	Lack of testing and essential resources such as ventilators, masks, beds, and health staffs, cancel elective surgery.
Diarrhea and nausea a few days prior to fever, sudden confusion or an inability to wake up and be alert may be a serious sign.	Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze; Throw used tissues in the trash.	Hospital task force such as increase the number of testing, available the PPE for their staff members, and increase the incentive care.	Privacy issues: contact tracing, health data/medical records, virtual meeting, remote workforce.
A small number of patients can have headache or hemoptysis and even relatively asymptomatic.	Maintain proper hygiene, clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces, and wash grocery items properly.	City/state government task force such as limited to 25% capacity at retail/restaurants, close the playground, and restrict or limit visitor access to nursing homes.	Reopening the country phases in highly contagious environment without data analytic, unified decision-making frameworks and some policies that span the country.
Pneumonia, kidney failure and dyspnea more frequent in most severe cases.	Follow travel restrictions (domestic flights only for essential services, No sail order)	Individuals limit community movement and adapt to disruptions in routine activities (school and/or work closures) according to guidance from local officials.	Due to novelty of the virus, projection of the model is unpredictable to identify number of positive cases and fatalities, and evolving symptoms such as COVID toes and rashes.
Normal or low white blood cell count or reduced lymphocyte in early onset.	Update periodically to follow WHO, and country guidelines.	Use existing technologies to mitigate the risk of virus.	No strict and defined guidelines from agencies due to ever changing dynamics of the virus.