Figure 1. Schematic diagram representing cinnamon-induced anti-autoimmune pathways.

Cinnamon is metabolized into sodium benzoate (NaB) that inhibits the activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), suppresses Th1 cells and associated autoimmune cytokines, stimulates Th2 cells and related anti-autoimmune cytokines, upregulates regulatory T cells (Tregs), attenuates Th17 cells and connected cytokines, and reduces inflammation, ultimately exhibiting protection against different autoimmune conditions.