Table 5. Association of admission date and demographic data with admission outcomes.
PICU: pediatric intensive care unit; ED: emergency department; ICD-10: International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
| Parameters | Discharge, n (%) | Long PICU stay, n (%) | Mortality, n (%) | Referral, n (%) | P-value | |
| Gender | Male | 1,221 (90%) | 39 (2.9%) | 80 (5.9%) | 16 (1.2%) | 0.458 |
| Female | 1,054 (88.5%) | 46 (3.9%) | 73 (6.1%) | 18 (1.5%) | ||
| Nationality | Saudi | 2,198 (89.5%) | 82 (3.3%) | 144 (5.9%) | 33 (1.3%) | 0.447 |
| Non-Saudi | 77 (85.6%) | 3 (3.3%) | 9 (10.0%) | 1 (1.1%) | ||
| Age group | Infant | 727 (85.5%) | 42 (4.9%) | 70 (8.2%) | 11 (1.3%) | 0.001 |
| Neonate | 274 (89.8%) | 7 (2.3%) | 21 (6.9%) | 3 (1%) | ||
| Toddler | 462 (90.1%) | 14 (2.7%) | 28 (5.5%) | 9 (1.8%) | ||
| Pre-school | 183 (87.1%) | 11 (5.2%) | 12 (5.7%) | 4 (1.9%) | ||
| School-age | 444 (93.3%) | 9 (1.9%) | 17 (3.6%) | 6 (1.3%) | ||
| Older | 185 (95.9%) | 2 (1%) | 5 (2.6%) | 1 (0.5%) | ||
| Source of admission | ED admission | 1412 (91%) | 41 (2.6%) | 81 (5.2%) | 18 (1.2%) | 0.007 |
| Intra-hospital | 863 (86.7%) | 44 (4.4%) | 72 (7.2%) | 16 (1.6%) | ||
| Date of admission | January-March | 619 (90%) | 27 (3.9%) | 32 (4.7%) | 10 (1.5%) | 0.002 |
| April-June | 589 (91%) | 24 (3.7%) | 25 (3.9%) | 9 (1.4%) | ||
| July-September | 474 (90.3%) | 15 (2.9%) | 29 (5.5%) | 7 (1.3%) | ||
| October-December | 593 (86.3%) | 19 (2.8%) | 67 (9.8%) | 8 (1.2%) | ||
| Diagnosis | ICD-10 (I): Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | 259 (83.3%) | 10 (3.2%) | 39 (12.5%) | 3 (1%) | <0.001 |
| ICD-10 (II): Neoplasms | 3 (50%) | 1 (16.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | 1 (16.7%) | ||
| ICD-10 (III): Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | 179 (92.7%) | 4 (2.1%) | 6 (3.1%) | 4 (2.1%) | ||
| ICD-10 (IV): Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases | 416 (97.7%) | 2 (0.5%) | 8 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (VI): Diseases of the nervous system | 219 (84.2%) | 19 (7.3%) | 18 (6.9%) | 4 (1.5%) | ||
| ICD-10 (VIII): Diseases of the ear and mastoid process | 1 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (IX): Diseases of the circulatory system | 206 (81.1%) | 12 (4.7%) | 33 (13%) | 3 (1.2%) | ||
| ICD-10 (X): Diseases of the respiratory system | 501 (92.4%) | 22 (4.1%) | 15 (2.8%) | 4 (0.7%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XI): Diseases of the digestive system | 69 (86.3%) | 1 (1.3%) | 4 (5%) | 6 (7.5%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XII): Diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue | 3 (75%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XIII): Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 72 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XIV): Diseases of the genitourinary system | 30 (83.3%) | 2 (5.6%) | 1 (2.8%) | 3 (8.3%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XVI): Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period | 99 (98%) | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XVII): Congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities | 12 (70.6%) | 1 (5.9%) | 4 (23.5%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XVIII): Symptoms, signs, and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not classified elsewhere | 37 (90.2%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (7.3%) | 1 (2.4%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XIX): Injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes | 149 (83.7%) | 8 (4.5%) | 16 (9%) | 5 (2.8%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XX): External causes of morbidity and mortality | 17 (81%) | 1 (4.8%) | 3 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| ICD-10 (XXI): Factors influencing health status and contact with health services | 4 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |