. 2020 Dec 4;2(12):e0295. doi: 10.1097/CCE.0000000000000295

TABLE 1.

Patient Demographics and Clinical Characteristics by Group Are Shown

Patient Characteristic	Indirect ARDS (n = 46)	Direct ARDS (n = 52)	p^a
Age (yr)	5.1 (3.6–13.5)	5.9 (2.5–13.2)	0.83
Sex, n (%)
Female	21 (46)	23 (44)	0.53
Male	25 (54)	29 (56)	0.53
Race
Black/African American	10 (22)	15 (29)	0.04^a
Other	8 (17)	18 (35)
White	28 (61)	19 (37)
Comorbidities^b
None	9 (20)	10 (19)	0.58
Cardiac	9 (20)	10 (19)	0.58
Pulmonary	10 (22)	26 (50)	0.006^a
Gastrointestinal	19 (41)	18 (35)	0.54
Endocrine	7 (15)	10 (19)	0.40
Renal	1 (2)	0 (0)	0.47
Rheumatologic	3 (7)	0 (0)	0.10
Immunologic	3 (7)	4 (8)	0.57
Hematologic	4 (9)	2 (4)	0.28
Oncologic	11 (24)	4 (8)	0.03^a
Musculoskeletal	7 (15)	6 (12)	0.41
Dermatologic	1 (2)	1 (2)	0.72
Neurologic	18 (39)	28 (54)	0.11
Immunosuppressed^c	16 (35)	9 (17)	0.40
Oxygenation index	7.6 (5.1–11)	8 (5.1–13.4)	0.52
Pao₂/Fio₂ ratio	241 (166–291)	225 (153–291)	0.50
Pediatric Risk of Mortality-III score	15 (10–24)	9 (6–15)	0.007^a
Sepsis source
Respiratory	0 (0)	52 (100)
Blood	19 (41)	0 (0)
Gastrointestinal	12 (26)	0 (0)
Urinary	5 (11)	0 (0)
CNS	1 (2)	0 (0)
Skin	2 (4)	0 (0)
Musculoskeletal	1 (2)	0 (0)
Unknown	6 (13)	0 (0)

ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome.

^ap value reflects difference between indirect versus direct ARDS. Significance is defined as p < 0.05.

^bCategories are not mutually exclusive as some patients had more than one baseline comorbidity.

^cImmunosuppressed patients included those with immune deficiencies and those receiving immunosuppressive therapies.

Data are presented as median (interquartile range) or n (%). Boldface values indicate race, pulmonary and oncologic comorbidity, and Pediatric Risk of Mortality-III score differed by ARDS type.