Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the CATHGEN study population stratified by traditionally defined MH and BMI category.
| Stratified by BMI category | ||||||||
| Overall | Lean (BMI < 25) | Overweight (BMI 25–30) | Obese (BMI ≥ 30) | |||||
| Good MH | Poor MH | Good MH | Poor MH | Good MH | Poor MH | Good MH | Poor MH | |
| n (%) | 2486 (28.7) | 6185 (71.3) | 858 (44.7) | 1063 (55.3) | 947 (30.9) | 2121 (69.1) | 681 (18.5) | 3001 (81.5) |
| Age (years) | 61.4 (12.5) | 61.6 (11.7) | 62.5 (13.5) | 65.4 (12.7)** | 62.0 (11.8) | 63.1 (11.6)* | 59.1 (12.0) | 59.3 (11.0) |
| Female (%) | 40.7 | 37.3* | 47.3 | 43.1** | 30.8 | 29.7 | 46.3* | 40.8* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.7 (6.2) | 31.1 (7.4)** | 22.2 (2.1) | 22.6 (2.0)** | 27.3 (1.4) | 27.6 (1.4)** | 35.2 (6.1) | 36.7 (6.6)** |
| White (%) | 78.8 | 73.2** | 80.3 | 78.1 | 81.2 | 77.8* | 73.6 | 68.2* |
| Hypertension (%) | 42.4 | 90.3** | 39.0 | 90.2** | 43.7 | 88.3** | 44.6 | 91.8** |
| Diabetes (%) | 8.6 | 67.3** | 8.0 | 57.9** | 9.2 | 62.8** | 8.5 | 73.7** |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 97.4 (21.8) | 126.6 (53.7)** | 95.7 (23.3) | 117.6 (49.2)** | 98.0 (20.2) | 122.7 (50.0)** | 98.7 (21.7) | 132.5 (57.0)** |
| HOMA-IR | 1.22 (1.30) | 2.42 (2.65)** | 0.84 (0.99) | 1.50 (2.00)** | 1.23 (1.34) | 2.05 (2.25)** | 1.70 (1.45) | 3.03 (2.97)* |
| Smoking (%) | 1112 (44.7) | 2970 (48.0)* | 412 (48.0) | 530 (49.9) | 422 (44.6) | 1059 (49.9)* | 278 (40.8) | 1381 (46.0)* |
| LVEF% | 57.0 (12.5) | 54.4 (14.3)** | 56.3 (13.0) | 52.7 (15.9)** | 57.4 (12.3) | 54.2 (14.2)** | 57.4 (12.3) | 55.2 (13.8)** |
| CAD (%) | 1229 (52.8) | 4188 (70.2)** | 384 (48.9) | 740 (73.3)** | 529 (58.6) | 1541 (74.8)** | 316 (49.5) | 1907 (65.9)** |
| Family history of CAD (%) | 744 (29.9) | 2128 (34.4)** | 247 (28.8) | 343 (32.3) | 284 (30.0) | 730 (34.4)* | 213 (31.3) | 1055 (35.2) |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 54.4 (18.0) | 41.6 (13.0)** | 59.5 (21.4) | 44.3 (15.0)** | 52.3 (15.7) | 41.5 (12.5)** | 50.9 (14.4) | 40.8 (12.4)** |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 106.7 (36.5) | 100.4 (40.9)** | 102.9 (34.9) | 96.0 (39.8)* | 106.7 (37.1) | 101.3 (40.6)** | 111.9 (37.2) | 101.4 (41.3)** |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.08 (1.03) | 1.27 (1.34)** | 1.11 (1.38) | 1.36 (1.66)** | 1.08 (0.80) | 1.30 (1.37)** | 1.06 (0.77) | 1.22 (1.18)** |
| TG (mg/dL) | 127.1 (92.5) | 189.2 (193.8)** | 106.9 (68.5) | 151.1 (110.0)** | 133.9 (92.9) | 176.4 (141.8)** | 144.1 (113.0) | 211.0 (239.5)** |
| Follow-up | ||||||||
| MI (%) | 110 (4.4) | 453 (7.3)** | 36 (4.2) | 59 (5.6) | 46 (4.9) | 177 (8.3)** | 28 (4.1) | 217 (7.2)* |
| Death (%) | 883 (35.5) | 2710 (43.8)** | 398 (46.4) | 594 (55.9)** | 300 (31.7) | 935 (44.1)** | 185 (27.2) | 1181 (39.4)** |
| Time to death/MI (days) | 2526 (1278) | 2450 (1307)** | 2305 (1287) | 2231(1341)** | 2539 (1228) | 2438 (1268)** | 2630 (1185) | 2458 (1239)** |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001 for comparison to good MH.
All continuous variables reported as mean (SD).
MH Traditionally defined metabolic health, BMI body mass index, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, CAD coronary artery disease, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, TG triglycerides, MI myocardial infarction.