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. 2020 Dec 7;10:21364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78206-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A schematic of the proposed mechanism of TGF-β-mediated regulation of fibrous tissue differentiation from sclerotome. We hypothesize that TGFβ regulates fibrous tissue differentiation by first regulating non-canonical signaling through ERK1/2 (1), which is required for Scx mRNA expression (2). We propose that subsequently, Scx and Smad3 cooperate to regulate the ECM markers, Fmod and Adamtsl2 (3).