Table 4.

(a) Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and (b) Mean Surface Distance (MSD) (in units of mm) of a different number of 2D stacked slice as input to the 2D DenseUnet. “*” indicates significant difference (p < 0.05/4 =1.25e-2 considering Bonferroni correction) when comparing each of the other scenarios to the 20-slice setting. Multiple-slice input consistently provides better performance than single slice input; however, adding more slices does not significantly improve the results under the current network setting.

(a) Dice similarity coefficient (DSC)
	Liver	Pancreas	Right Kidney	Left Kidney	Stomach	Duodenum	Small Intestine	Spinal Cord	Vertebral Body	Spleen	Mean	P-value
Single Slice	0.963±0.012	0.871±0.038	0.953±0.007	0.955±0.008	0.920±0.021	0.771±0.051	0.870±0.066	0.902±0.017	0.898±0.014	0.941±0.019	0.904±0.055*	1.638e-04
20 Slices	0.963±0.010	0.880±0.035	0.954±0.007	0.954±0.008	0.923±0.020	0.801±0.065	0.870±0.060	0.904±0.014	0.900±0.010	0.946±0.013	0.909±0.048	-
40 Slices	0.964±0.009	0.871±0.041	0.953±0.008	0.955±0.008	0.921±0.021	0.788±0.074	0.873±0.062	0.904±0.018	0.899±0.011	0.943±0.022	0.907±0.051	2.678e-02
(b) Mean surface Distance (MSD)
	Liver	Pancreas	Right Kidney	Left Kidney	Stomach	Duodenum	Small Intestine	Spinal Cord	Vertebral Body	Spleen	Mean	P-value
Single Slice	1.073±0.343	1.140±0.415	0.685±0.091	0.635±0.092	1.403±0.310	1.948±0.902	2.140±2.506	0.637±0.081	0.903±0.117	1.926±3.119	1.249±0.547*	1.632e-04
20 Slices	1.072±0.268	1.027±0.273	0.655±0.087	0.645±0.090	1.338±0.308	1.831±0.873	1.960±2.671	0.630±0.070	0.892±0.098	0.941±0.321	1.099±0.451	0.909±0.048
40 Slices	1.032±0.226	1.099±0.338	0.669±0.092	0.641±0.085	1.390±0.300	1.935±0.915	1.840±2.472	0.636±0.088	0.917±0.117	0.984±0.468	1. 114±0.446	3.014e-02