Table 4.

Rater challenges from field notes

Challenge	HBB	ECEB	BAB
Differing perceptions of practice standard		Back rub stimulation Sequence for drying baby	Fundal massage Bleeding assessment Frequency of bleeding assessment
Tracking multistep OSCE items	Item 1. Prepares area for delivery	Item 7. Improves thermal care	Item 7. Controlled cord traction counter pressure
	Item 2. Equipment preparation Item 3. Hand washing Item 5. Removes wet clothes Item 24. Communication and teaching	Item 8. Identifying danger signs Advanced care classification Item 10. Medication calculation and administration	Item 12. Determining postpartum haemorrhage
OSCE English words		Hypothermia	Hypertension
Actions without verbalising		Warming baby

BAB, Bleeding after Birth; ECEB, Essential Care for Every Baby; HBB, Helping Babies Breathe; OSCE, Objective Structured Clinical Examination.