Table 5. Association of prenatal factors and lactation period with atherogenic index using logistic regression model: The CASPIAN-V study .
| High atherogenic index (TG/HDL-C > 2.0) | ||||||
| Model I | Model II | Model III | ||||
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | OR (95%CI) | P value | |
| Type of complementary feeding | ||||||
| Always homemade food | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Always formula | 1.22 (0.84-1.77) | 0.31 | 1.57 (1.05-2.35) | 0.03* | 1.57 (0.98-2.52) | 0.06 |
| Usually homemade foods | 1.10 (0.92-1.33) | 0.30 | 1.10 (0.88 -1.37) | 0.39 | 1.12 (0.88-1.42) | 0.35 |
| Usually formula | 0.87 (0.55-1.37) | 0.54 | 0.91 (0.53-1.56) | 0.74 | 0.97 (0.56-1.67) | 0.90 |
| Type of milk consumed | ||||||
| Breast milk | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Formula | 0.82 (0.58-1.16) | 0.26 | 0.78 (0.51-1.19) | 0.25 | 1.42 (0.83-1.53) | 0.20 |
| Cow’s milk | 2.04 (1.23-3.39) | 0.01 | 2.32 (1.29-4.18) | 0.01* | 2.13 (1.08-4.21) | 0.03* |
| Mixed | 0.81 (0.64-1.03) | 0.08 | 0.85 (0.64-1.13) | 0.26 | 1.13 (0.84-2.44) | 0.43 |
| Father's age at the child birth (y) | ||||||
| ≤ 27 | 0.95 (0.79-1.14) | 0.60 | 0.86 (0.70-1.06) | 0.15 | 1.01 (0.76-1.35) | 0.92 |
| 28-33 | 0.99 (0.83-1.19) | 0.93 | 0.93 (0.75-1.15) | 0.50 | 1.05 (0.82-1.33) | 0.72 |
| ≥ 34 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Mother's age at the child birth (y) | ||||||
| ≤ 22 | 0.98 (0.81-1.18) | 0.84 | 0.90 (0.72-1.11) | 0.33 | 0.98 (0.73-1.31) | 0.89 |
| 23-28 | 1.13 (0.94-1.35) | 0.19 | 1.07 (0.86-1.31) | 0.55 | 1.00 (0.78-1.28) | 0.98 |
| ≥ 29 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Pre-conception mother's weight (kg) | ||||||
| ≤ 49 | 1.05 (0.86-1.27) | 0.66 | 1.13 (0.90-1.42) | 0.27 | 1.03 (0.81-1.33) | 0.79 |
| 49-59 | 0.90 (0.75-1.07) | 0.23 | 0.87 (0.70-1.07) | 0.18 | 0.89 (0.72-1.10) | 0.27 |
| >59 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Pre-conception father's weight (kg) | ||||||
| <60 | 1.01 (0.84-1.20) | 0.95 | 1.09 (0.89-1.34) | 0.41 | 0.95 (0.76-1.19) | 0.64 |
| 60-70 | 1.10 (0.90-1.34) | 0.36 | 1.20 (0.94-1.52) | 0.14 | 1.13 (0.89-1.44) | 0.30 |
| >70 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Familial marriage of parents | ||||||
| No | 0. 88 (0.76-1.02) | 0.09 | 0.87 (0.73-1.03) | 0.10 | 1.00 (0.83-1.20) | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| Breastfeeding duration (month) | ||||||
| No feeding | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| To 6 | 1.44 (0.92-2.25) | 0.12 | 1.28 (0.77-2.12) | 0.35 | 1.39 (0.69-2.80) | 0.36 |
| >6-12 | 0.95 (0.58-1.57) | 0.85 | 0.90 (0.51-1.58) | 0.70 | 1.14 (0.52-2.51) | 0.74 |
| >12-18 | 1.32 (0.76-2.32) | 0.33 | 1.29 (0.69-2.43) | 0.42 | 1.63 (0.69-3.86) | 0.27 |
| >18-24 | 1.38 (0.89-2.14) | 0.16 | 1.26 (0.77-2.08) | 0.36 | 1.62 (0.78-3.37) | 0.20 |
| Birth weight (kg) | ||||||
| 2500-4000 | 1 | - | 1 | - | 1 | - |
| <2500 | 1.02 (0.79-1.31) | 0.88 | 1.08 (0.82-1.44) | 0.58 | 0.95 (0.71-1.28) | 0.76 |
| >4000 | 1.26 (0.95-1.66) | 0.11 | 1.22 (0.89-1.69) | 0.22 | 1.29 (0.93-1.78) | 0.13 |
Model I: without adjust (crude OR). Model II: adjusted for sex, age, region, physical activity, screen time, diet. Model III: additionally adjusted for BMI, hyperlipidemia history, SES and all variables present in this table. *P < 0.05 considered as statistically significant.