TABLE 2.
Properties of gelatin‐pectin composite solution incorporated with essential oil from Oliveria decumbens (ODEO), Trachyspermum ammi (TAEO), Thymus kotschyanus (TKEO), and Zataria multiflora (ZMEO)
| Properties | Pure gelatin‐pectin | Gelatin‐pectin‐ODEO | Gelatin‐pectin‐TKEO | Gelatin‐pectin‐TAEO | Gelatin‐pectin‐ZMEO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pH | 3.05 (0.3)a | 2.40 (0.2)a | 2.62 (0.1)a | 2.51 (0.2)a | 2.62 (0.1)a |
| Conductivity (µS/cm) | 278 (10))a | 272 (12)a | 269 (9.0)a | 265 (13)a | 268 (8.0)a |
| Zeta‐potential (‐mV) | 14.2 (1.6)a | 15.5 (1.7)a | 15.8 (1.4)a | 16.5 (1.8)a | 16.9 (2.0)a |
| Particle size (nm) | 336 (12)a | 315 (10)a | 313 (7.0)a | 317 (9.0)a | 319 (11)a |
| Viscosity (mPa.s) | 28.5 (3.7)a | 26.2 (4.2)a | 24.8 (3.8)a | 23.7 (4.0)a | 25.3 (4.5)a |
| Surface tension (mN/m) | 23.5 (3.0)a | 20.2 (2.7)a | 19.7 (2.5)a | 18.9 (2.6)a | 19.6 (2.4)a |
The values are expressed as means (standard deviation) of three replicates. Mean values with different letters within a row are significantly different by Tukey test at (p < .05).