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. 2020 Dec 4;13:3257–3268. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S286771

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© 2020 Hsu et al.

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Implantation of stem cell exosome-scaffold (EX-SC) on ligated nerves attenuates L5/6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced pain. (A) The time course of surgery and implantation. (B and C) The analgesic effects of exosome-scaffold, exosome-gelfoam or exosome single injection on SNL-induced mechanical allodynia (B) and thermal hyperalgesia (C) with implantation on day 3 after surgery. (D and E) The preventive effects of EX-SC on SNL-induced mechanical allodynia (D) and thermal hyperalgesia (E) with implantation on the day of surgery. Data are presented as median and IQR (*P<0.05, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001 vs SNL/saline, Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test, n=6 in each group).