Table 1. Descriptive statistics for life course obesity parameters and cardiometabolic disease risk factors at the biomedical sweep of those in target study sample (n = 20,746).
| NSHD 1946 (n = 2,968) | 1958 NCDS (n = 9,302) | 1970 BCS (n = 8,476) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||||
| Males | n (%) | 1,459 (49.2) | 4,630 (49.8) | 4,106 (48.4) | |||
| Females | n (%) | 1,509 (50.8) | 4,672 (50.2) | 4,370 (51.6) | |||
| Ethnicity | |||||||
| White British | n (%) | 2,968 (100) | 9,089 (97.7) | 7,882 (93.0) | |||
| Othera | n (%) | 0 (0) | 205 (2.2) | 376 (4.4) | |||
| Missing | n (%) | 0 (0) | 8 (0.1) | 218 (2.6) | |||
| Obesity traits | |||||||
| Never obese | n (%) | 2,771 (93.4) | 8,267 (88.9) | 6,803 (80.3) | |||
| Ever obese | n (%) | 197 (6.6) | 1,035 (11.1) | 1,673 (19.7) | |||
| Age first onset (years) | Median (IQR) | 33.4 (27.6; 37.0) | 31.5 (25.4; 36.1) | 30.2 (25.2; 34.1) | |||
| Total duration (years) | Median (IQR) | 6.2 (2.7; 11.8) | 8.3 (3.9; 14.4) | 9.7 (5.9; 14.7) | |||
| Correlation (age onset × duration obese) | −0.81 | −0.95 | −0.99 | ||||
| Number of periods | |||||||
| 1 | n (%) | 192 (97.5) | 1,023 (98.8) | 1,671 (99.9) | |||
| 2 | n (%) | 4 (2.0) | 12 (1.2) | 2 (0.1) | |||
| 3 | n (%) | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | |||
| Obesity severity (BMI-years) | Median (IQR) | 5.6 (1.1; 22.7) | 9.4 (1.7; 35.0) | 17.1 (4.3; 48.0) | |||
| Correlation (duration × severity) | 0.86 | 0.85 | 0.80 | ||||
| Biomedical outcomes | % missing | % missing | % missing | ||||
| Age at follow-up (years) | Mean (SD) | - | 53.5 (0.2) | - | 45.2 (0.4) | - | 47.3 (0.7) |
| BMI at follow-up (kg/m2) | Median (IQR) | 1.3 | 26.6 (24.2; 29.9) | 1.3 | 26.6 (24.0; 29.9) | 13.4 | 27.6 (24.6; 31.5) |
| Obese at follow-up (BMI > 30kg/m2) | n (%) | 1.3 | 707 (24.1) | 1.3 | 2,239 (24.4) | 13.4 | 2,424 (33.0) |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)* | Mean (SD) | 1.9 | 136.0 (20.1) | 0.5 | 126.5 (16.5) | 11.5 | 124.6 (15.2) |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)* | Mean (SD) | 1.9 | 84.4 (12.2) | 0.5 | 78.8 (10.8) | 11.5 | 77.3 (11.0) |
| Hypertensionb | n (%) | 1.9 | 1,993 (68.1) | 0.5 | 2,578 (27.8) | 11.3 | 1,798 (23.9) |
| HDL-C (mmol/L)* | Median (IQR) | 20.2 | 1.6 (1.3; 2.0) | 16.1 | 1.5 (1.3; 1.8) | 29.5 | 1.5 (1.2; 1.8) |
| Low-HDL-Cc | n (%) | 19.3 | 312 (13.0) | 14.5 | 1,595 (20.1) | 28.5 | 1,385 (22.8) |
| HbA1c (%)* | Median (IQR) | 13.6 | 5.7 (5.3; 5.9) | 15.2 | 5.3 (5.0; 5.4) | 29.9 | 5.4 (5.3; 5.6) |
| Elevated HbA1cd | n (%) | 13.2 | 921 (35.8) | 13.8 | 1,206 (15.0) | 39.3 | 987 (16.5) |
* Original values (i.e., not adjusted for medication use).
a Other ethnicities: white other, mixed race, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Other Asian, Caribbean, African, other black, and Chinese.
b Hypertension: SBP/DBP ≥ 140/90 mmHg and/or on BP-lowering medication.
c Low-HDL-C: according to NCEP ATPIII criteria and/or on lipid-regulating medication.
d Elevated HbA1c: according to CDC criteria and/or on diabetes medication.
BCS, 1970 British Cohort Study; BMI, body mass index; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol; NCDS, National Child Development Study; NCEP ATPIII, Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP); NSHD, National Survey of Health and Development; SBP, systolic blood pressure.