TABLE 4.
Descriptive statistics for the HDI-2020 and other measures1
| Brazil | United States | |
|---|---|---|
| HDI-2020 (0–11, mean score) | 4.56 ± 1.67 | 4.04 ± 1.87 |
| FGDS (0–10, mean score) | 4.32 ± 1.22 | 4.58 ± 1.51 |
| Percentage of women aged 15–49 y achieving MDD-W | 41.5 | 46.6 |
| Total dietary energy, mean kcal | 1896 ± 828 | 2160 ± 988 |
| Percentage of energy from UPFs, mean % | 19.0 ± 18.5 | 56.9 ± 21.2 |
| BMI, mean kg/m2 | 25.1 ± 4.7 | 28.6 ± 6.9 |
| Percentage of the population aged ≥15 y who are overweight or obese2 | 46.0 | 66.7 |
Values are means ± SD or %. Number of observations: 30,062 for Brazil and 17,887 for the United States for all indicators except for BMI, percentage overweight or obese, and MDD-W. For BMI and percentage overweight or obese, the number of observations was 29,675 for Brazil and 17,703 for the United States. For MDD-W, statistics were computed for women of reproductive age only, and the number of observations was 11,978 for Brazil and 5311 for the United States. FGDS, Food Group Diversity Score; HDI-2020, Healthy Diet Indicator 2020; MDD-W, Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of reproductive age; UPF, ultra-processed food.
Adults aged ≥20 y with a BMI (kg/m2) >25 and adolescents aged 15–19 y with a BMI-for-age z score >1 SD according to the WHO growth reference (41) were defined as overweight or obese.