Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics among control subjects, MetS and non-MetS patients with schizophrenia.

	MetS (N = 27)	non-MetS (N = 27)	Controls (N = 67)	F/t/X2	P	Post hoc comparisons
						Pa	Pb	Pc
Age (year)	37.96 ± 10.56	34.22 ± 9.77	35.21 ± 8.21	1.266	0.286	0.136	0.190	0.637
Sex				0.200	0.905	1.000	0.720	0.720
Male	14	14	32
Female	13	13	35
Education (year)	12.00 ± 2.86	12.59 ± 3.05	14.52 ± 3.46	4.772	0.011	0.489	0.004	0.027
Height (cm)	167.19 ± 8.35	169.41 ± 9.04	166.01 ± 8.07	1.731	0.183	0.503	0.324	0.075
Weight (kg)	73.63 ± 12.02	67.22 ± 12.30	62.87 ± 9.97	9.368	<0.001	0.034	<0.001	0.085
BMI (kg/m2)	26.05 ± 3.27	23.34 ± 3.14	22.63 ± 2.62	13.468	<0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.286
Age of onset (year)	21.78 ± 5.89	22.78 ± 6.12		0.612	0.544
Total course (month)	203.07 ± 102.37	133.93 ± 87.99		2.662	0.010
Family history				0.912	0.340
No	22	19
Yes	5	8
Antipsychotics				3.000	0.083
Clozapine	12	6
Olanzapine	15	21
Olanzapine equivalents (mg)	21.20 ± 9.94	20.00 ± 8.66		0.475	0.637
Monotherapy duration (week)	55.07 ± 13.28	52.52 ± 15.60		0.648	0.520
Waist circumference (cm)	91.89 ± 7.72	84.96 ± 8.82		3.071	0.003
Fasting GLU (mmol/l)	5.80 ± 1.63	5.03 ± 0.96		2.108	0.040
Fasting TG (mmol/l)	2.37 ± 1.11	1.03 ± 0.44		5.827	<0.001
Fasting HDL (mmol/l)	1.03 ± 0.22	1.22 ± 0.35		2.306	0.025
SBP (mm Hg)	117.82 ± 10.06	113.44 ± 9.30		1.657	0.104
DBP (mm Hg)	78.59 ± 7.77	73.04 ± 5.93		2.955	0.005
PANSS
P	12.96 ± 3.95	12.04 ± 4.13		0.842	0.403
N	18.82 ± 7.08	16.44 ± 5.15		1.408	0.165
G	30.78 ± 5.49	27.52 ± 5.03		2.275	0.027
Total score	62.93 ± 11.56	56.00 ± 11.08		2.248	0.029
IL-6 (pg/ml)	9.65 ± 2.40	8.13 ± 2.14	5.10 ± 3.17	37.205	<0.001	0.032	<0.001	<0.001
IL-8 (pg/ml)	3.22 ± 1.25	2.93 ± 1.30	2.87 ± 0.93	1.009	0.368	0.331	0.161	0.808
IL-10 (pg/ml)	3.42 ± 0.79	2.96 ± 0.69	1.77 ± 1.38	24.114	<0.001	0.145	<0.001	<0.001
TNF-α (pg/ml)	7.83 ± 2.09	6.78 ± 1.99	3.57 ± 2.93	39.744	<0.001	0.113	<0.001	<0.001
SIRT1 (pg/ml)	35.05 ± 12.28	49.73 ± 14.96	52.23 ± 17.93	11.058	<0.001	0.004	<0.001	1.000

Data presented as Mean ± SD or N; Olanzapine equivalents were calculated based on defined daily doses (DDDs); BMI, Body Mass Index; IL, Interleukin; TNF, Tumor Necrosis Factor; SIRT1, Sirtuin 1, GLU, glucose; TG, Triglyceride; HDL, High density lipoprotein; SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; P, positive symptoms; N, negative symptoms; G, general psychiatric symptoms.

P^a: MetS vs. non-MetS; P^b: MetS vs. controls; P^c: non-MetS vs. controls.