Table 4. Radiologic Fracture Healing Time, Postoperative HHS, and Ambulation in Each Studies.
| Study | Radiologic fracture healing time (wk) | Mean HHS | Ambulation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Watson et al.7) (2016) | Not mentioned. | Not mentioned. | Immediate weight-bearing as tolerated. |
| TasyIkan et al.9) (2015) | 10.5 (8–14) | 81.2±21.3 | Mobilized with weight-bearing on postoperative day 1. |
| Hu et al.8) (2013) | 14.7 (8–24) | 86.5 (75–96) | The patients were permitted to get out of bed and sit in a wheelchair on the third postoperative day. Partial weight-bearing started about 8 weeks postoperatively. The actual time was determined by the extent of fracture healing. Weight-bearing was gradually increased as tolerated. |
| Massoud3) (2010) | 11.5 (9–15) | Not mentioned. | Patients were allowed to walk using crutches and toe touching until the absence of pain and a good callus had been observed on radiographs. Then, progressive weight bearing was started. However, if the reduction was considered as not good, partial weight bearing was allowed only when the callus bridged the fracture gap. |
| Chen et al.1) (2008) | 16.5 (14–24) | 80 (68–88) | From the first postoperative day, all patients started weight-bearing walking as tolerable with a walker. |
| Kweon et al.14) (2017) | 19.2 (12–40) | Not mentioned. | Sitting was allowed from the first postoperative day, and wheelchair usage and partial weight bearing was instructed between the 3rd and the 7th postoperative days depending on the degree of reduction, systemic condition and pain. Partial weight bearing with a walker was allowed from the 2nd postoperative week and full weight bearing from the 6th postoperative week. |
| Lee et al.15) (2018) | 28.2±18.6 | Not mentioned. | After surgery, a tolerable range of motion of the hip was immediately permitted, and wheelchair ambulation was started at two or three days postoperatively. Patients walked with protected weight-bearing and used assistive devices (wheelchair, walker, crutches, or cane) 3–10 days after the operation. As their walking ability improved, their assistive devices were changed appropriately by a physical therapist. |
| Guo et al.16) (2019) | Not mentioned. | 85.7±3.1 | The patients were encouraged to sit on the bed and exercise their lower limb muscles for the first 24 hours. Until 8 weeks postoperatively, the patients were encouraged to perform partial weight-bearing ambulation with assistance. After 8 weeks postoperatively, full weight-bearing ambulation was started at 20 kg with an incremental increase of 5 kg per week when evidence of complete fracture union was present. |
| Wang et al.17) (2019) | 19.6 (12–28) | 84.9 (65–99) | Not mentioned. |
| Yoo et al.19) (2019) | 18.7 (12–40) in ITST nail, 17.6 (12–24) in PFNA, 19.9 (12–36) in Gamma 3 CMN | Not mentioned. | Approximately 2–3 days postoperatively, when the patients could tolerate weight-bearing in a sitting position, the patients were asked to try to stand using a tilt table. Walking was allowed when the pain became tolerable. Restricted weight-bearing was taught and initiated by touching approximately 20 kg on a scale; the patients were allowed to walk using the parallel bar or rolling walker. Various weight-bearing training exercises were performed not based on the reduction or bone quality but only based on the subject’s pain level and medical condition. |
HHS: Harris hip score, ITST: intertrochanteric/subtrochanteric, PFNA: proximal femoral nail antirotation, CMN: cephalomedullary nail.