Table 3. 30 days mortality, overall morbidity, Clavien IV complications, cardiopulmonary complications, sepsis related complications, serious complications, failure to rescue and organ space surgical site infections (SSI).
| Variable, n (%) | Total cohort | No frailty | Low frailty | Intermediate frailty | Frail | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 5,711 (100.0) | 2,101 (36.8) | 1,922 (33.7) | 1,073 (18.8) | 615 (10.8) | |
| Mortality | 221 (3.9) | 25 (1.2) | 67 (3.5) | 63 (5.9) | 66 (10.7) | <0.001 |
| Overall morbidity | 1867 (32.7) | 562 (26.7) | 594 (30.9) | 397 (37.0) | 314 (51.1) | <0.001 |
| Clavien IV complications | 635 (11.1) | 126 (6.0) | 191 (9.9) | 167 (15.6) | 151 (24.6) | <0.001 |
| Cardiopulmonary complications | 518 (9.1) | 106 (5.0) | 149 (7.8) | 136 (12.7) | 127 (20.7) | <0.001 |
| Sepsis related complications | 598 (10.5) | 176 (8.4) | 191 (9.9) | 130 (12.1) | 101 (16.4) | <0.001 |
| Serious complications | 1,446 (25.3) | 405 (19.3) | 461 (24.0) | 318 (29.6) | 262 (42.6) | <0.001 |
| Failure to rescue | 189 (13.1) | 23 (5.7) | 53 (11.5) | 56 (17.6) | 57 (21.8) | <0.001 |
| Organ space SSI | 328 (5.7) | 117 (5.6) | 98 (5.1) | 67 (6.2) | 46 (7.5) | 0.138 |
| Patients with malignancy | ||||||
| N (%) | 3,317 (100.0) | 1,161 (35.0) | 1,151 (34.7) | 645 (19.4%) | 360 (10.9) | |
| Mortality | 102 (3.1) | 14 (1.2) | 34 (3.0) | 32 (5.0) | 22 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Overall morbidity | 1,019 (30.7) | 313 (27.0) | 337 (29.3) | 209 (32.4) | 160 (44.4) | <0.001 |
| Clavien IV complications | 300 (9.0) | 69 (5.9) | 92 (8.0) | 76 (11.8) | 63 (17.5) | <0.001 |
| Cardiopulmonary complications | 227 (6.8) | 56 (4.8) | 65 (5.6) | 60 (9.3) | 46 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Failure to rescue | 96 (14.4) | 9 (5.0) | 23 (11.5) | 26 (16.6) | 38 (28.8) | <0.001 |
| Organ space SSI | 190 (5.7) | 69 (5.9) | 56 (4.9) | 39 (6.0) | 26 (7.2) | 0.348 |
| Patients with benign disease | ||||||
| N (%) | 2,394 (100.0) | 940 (39.3) | 771 (32.2) | 428 (17.9) | 255 (10.7) | |
| Mortality | 119 (5.0) | 11 (1.2) | 33 (4.3) | 31 (7.2) | 44 (17.3) | <0.001 |
| Overall morbidity | 848 (35.4) | 249 (26.5) | 257 (33.3) | 188 (43.9) | 154 (60.4) | <0.001 |
| Clavien IV complications | 335 (14) | 57 (6.1) | 99 (12.8) | 91 (21.3) | 88 (34.5) | <0.001 |
| Cardiopulmonary complications | 291 (12.2) | 50 (5.3) | 84 (10.9) | 76 (17.8) | 81 (31.8) | <0.001 |
| Failure to rescue | 116 (4.6) | 16 (1.6) | 40 (4.8) | 35 (8.1) | 25 (9.9) | <0.001 |
| Organ space SSI | 138 (5.8) | 48 (5.1) | 42 (5.4) | 28 (6.5) | 20 (7.8) | 0.334 |