Figure 4.

Graphical display of combination index (CI) in liver cancer cells (HEPG2) when treated with varying concentrations of bromelain, NAC, gemcitabine, 5-FU and their combinations. Bromelain + NAC at varying concentrations shows very good synergy. Very low concentrations of bromelain with NAC shows tremendous synergy (A, B). Gemcitabine at very low concentrations acts synergistically with NAC, bromelain and bromelain + NAC (C) whilst a similar scenario exists with 5-FU (D). The dotted lines show a CI = 1.0 (additivity), CI<1.0 = synergy, CI>1.0 = sub-additivity.