Figure 3.

Cytokine levels in the supernatants of mononuclear cells in patients with diabetes mellitus with atypical and typical ulcers. Interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-1β levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the supernatants of 3×10⁶ peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with soluble Leishmania antigen (10 μg/mL). Dates are represented by medians and interquartile ranges. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. Abbreviations: IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.